Prior to retirement from the WTO at the end of September 2017, was the Director of the Trade in Services and Investment Division, since May 2001. Previously, was a Senior Counsellor in the Trade in Services Division. Had been the Secretary of the WTO Council for Trade in Services since the establishment of the WTO in 1995. During that time, was also responsible for legal affairs relating to Trade in Services and the implementation of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Earlier, during the Uruguay Round negotiations, responsibilities included legal matters relating to the negotiation, design and drafting of the GATS. Before joining the GATT secretariat as a dispute settlement lawyer in January 1990, was representing Egypt to the GATT in the Uruguay Round Negotiations on a wide range of issues, including services.